What is the primary distinction between health claims and structure-function claims?

The primary distinction between health claims and structure-function claims lies in the approval process required by regulatory bodies, specifically the FDA. Health claims must receive FDA approval before they can be used on food labels or in marketing because they suggest a relationship between a food or dietary ingredient and a disease or health-related condition. This ensures that the claims made are substantiated by scientific evidence in line with public health standards.

On the other hand, structure-function claims do not require FDA approval prior to use. These claims describe the role of a nutrient or dietary ingredient intended to affect the structure or function of the body (for example, "calcium builds strong bones"). They can be made without prior governmental review, but they cannot imply that the product can prevent or treat a disease, as health claims do.

This evaluation highlights why understanding the regulatory framework for these claims is essential for consumers and professionals in the nutrition field. It also provides insight into the nature of the information being conveyed on food labels.